London: London Dry Gin

Photo: Giammarco Boscaro on Unsplash
London gave its name to the most famous gin style, though London Dry can legally be made anywhere.
How it's made
All botanicals must be added during distillation; nothing but a tiny amount of sugar may be added afterwards.
A neutral spirit, usually made from grain, is redistilled in a copper pot still with juniper and other botanicals such as coriander, angelica, orris root and citrus peel. The botanicals are either steeped in the spirit or placed in a basket so the vapour passes through them.
History
Gin grew out of Dutch genever and took over London in the 'gin craze' of the early 1700s, until the Gin Act of 1751 brought it under control. The column still, patented by Aeneas Coffey in 1830, made pure neutral spirit possible and led to the drier, cleaner London Dry style.
Ageing and label terms
Gin is normally unaged and needs no ageing terms. Old Tom is a slightly sweeter historic style, and Navy Strength means about 57% ABV.
Styles
London Dry (crisp and juniper-led), Old Tom (softer and sweeter), Navy Strength and many modern 'contemporary' gins where citrus, floral or herbal notes lead.
Rules and protected names
London Dry gin is a production method, not a place: it must be distilled with natural botanicals, with nothing added afterwards except water, neutral spirit and a tiny amount of sugar, and no colouring. Juniper must be the main flavour, and gin must be at least 37.5% ABV.
How to serve and classic cocktails
Gin and tonic with ice and citrus peel. Classic cocktails: Dry Martini, Negroni and Tom Collins.
With food
Oysters, smoked salmon, cured fish, light salads and mildly spiced dishes.
Good to know
London Dry gin can legally be made anywhere in the world. When Sipsmith opened in 2009, it was the first new copper-pot gin distillery licensed in London for many decades.
Producers
- Beefeater
- Sipsmith
- City of London Distillery
Bottles to try
Beefeater London Dry Gin
Juniper-led and zesty: Seville orange, lemon and coriander.
Serve: In a Gin and Tonic or Negroni
Tanqueray London Dry Gin
Bold juniper, pine, liquorice and dry spice.
Strength: 43.1% (47.3% in the USA) · Age and cask: Unaged
Charles Tanqueray began distilling in London in 1830. The recipe uses just four botanicals: juniper, coriander, angelica and liquorice. Today it is made at Cameronbridge in Scotland, which London Dry rules allow.
Serve: In a Gin and Tonic or Martini
Sipsmith London Dry Gin
Juniper, lemon peel, orange marmalade and a dry, floral finish.
Strength: 41.6% · Age and cask: Unaged
Founded in 2009, Sipsmith was the first new copper-pot distillery to open in London in almost 200 years. The gin is distilled in small batches with ten botanicals.
Serve: In a Gin and Tonic or Martini
Bombay Sapphire
Bright and floral: juniper, citrus, coriander and peppery spice.
Strength: 40% · Age and cask: Unaged
Distilled at Laverstoke Mill in Hampshire. The ten botanicals hang in baskets above the spirit, so the vapour picks up their flavour, giving a lighter, more aromatic London dry gin.
Serve: Gin and tonic with lime, or in a Martini
Beefeater 24
Juniper, grapefruit, green tea and soft spice.
Strength: 45% · Age and cask: Unaged
Created by master distiller Desmond Payne and distilled in Kennington, London. The botanicals, including Japanese sencha and Chinese green tea, steep for 24 hours before distillation, which gave the gin its name.
Serve: With tonic and grapefruit peel, or in a Martini
Gordon's London Dry Gin
Classic and juniper-led: pine, coriander seed, lemon peel and angelica.
Strength: 37.5% (higher in some markets) · Age and cask: Unaged
Created by Alexander Gordon in London in 1769 and now the world's best-selling London dry gin. Today it is distilled at Cameronbridge in Scotland; London dry is a style, not a place of production.
Serve: With tonic and a slice of lime, or in a Gin & It
Tanqueray No. Ten
Bright citrus: grapefruit, sweet orange and lime over juniper, with soft chamomile.
Strength: 47.3% · Age and cask: Unaged
Distilled with whole fresh citrus fruit rather than only dried peel, in a small still nicknamed 'Tiny Ten'. It is a London Dry style gin made by Diageo at Cameron Bridge in Fife.
Serve: In a Dry Martini, or with tonic and a slice of grapefruit
Fords Gin
Juniper, bright citrus and jasmine with a dry, spicy finish.
Strength: 45% · Age and cask: Unaged
Created by bartender Simon Ford with master distiller Charles Maxwell of Thames Distillers in London. Nine botanicals and a higher strength were chosen to stand up well in cocktails.
Serve: In a Martini, Negroni or a classic Gin & Tonic
Sipsmith V.J.O.P.
Very juniper-led: pine, resin, citrus peel and warm spice, with a long finish.
Strength: 57.7% · Age and cask: Unaged
Short for 'Very Junipery Over Proof'. Sipsmith adds juniper in more than one way during distillation, steeping and vapour, to make a gin bold enough to stand up in cocktails.
Serve: In a Negroni, a Martini or a strong G&T
Hayman's Old Tom Gin
Soft and rounded: juniper, citrus, liquorice and gentle sweetness.
Strength: 41.4% · Age and cask: Unaged
Old Tom is the slightly sweeter gin style popular in Victorian England, before London Dry took over. The Hayman family, descendants of a 19th-century London gin distiller, brought it back in 2007 using an old family recipe.
Serve: In a Tom Collins or a Martinez
Portobello Road No. 171 Gin
Classic and dry: juniper, lemon peel, coriander, a little nutmeg and pepper.
Strength: 42% · Age and cask: Unaged
Created in 2011 at the Portobello Star bar at 171 Portobello Road in Notting Hill, which gave the gin its name. It is a traditional London Dry made with nine botanicals.
Serve: In a Martini or a G&T with lemon
Hayman's London Dry Gin
Classic and crisp: juniper, coriander, lemon peel and a dry, peppery finish.
Strength: 41.2% · Age and cask: Unaged
Hayman's is a family distiller descended from James Burrough, who created Beefeater. The botanicals are steeped in the spirit for 24 hours before distillation, and the distillery is now back in London, in Balham.
Serve: With tonic, or in a Martini or Negroni
More gin & juniper regions
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